Unto Their Royal Majesties Edward and Asa; Master Seamus McDaid, Aten Principal Herald; the Heralds in the Atenveldt College of Heralds; and to All Whom These Presents Come,

Greetings from Marta as tu Mika-Mysliwy, Parhelium Herald!

This is the November 2007 Atenveldt Letter of Presentation. It precedes the external Letter of Intent that will contain the following submissions that are presented here, asking questions of submitters and local heralds who have worked with them; if these questions are not addressed, the submission may be returned by the Atenveldt College of Heralds. I accept online commentary, in addition to questions pertaining to heraldry and consultation. The last day for commentary on the submissions considered for the December 2007 Letter of Intent is 10 December 2007.

Submissions Website: You can send electronic commentary on the most recent internal LoIs through the site, in addition to any questions you might have. Current submission forms (the ONLY forms that can be used) can be found on the site. Please let your local populace know about the site, too: atensubmissions.nexiliscom.com.

Please consider the following submissions for the DECEMBER 2007 Atenveldt Letter of Intent:

Arianna Marie della Luna (Barony of Atenveldt): NEW NAME, DEVICE, and BADGE

Argent vêtu ployé sable, a turtle gules charged with a decrescent argent.

(Fieldless) A turtle gules charged with a decrescent argent.

The name is Italian. Arianna is a feminine given name found in deizionario dei nomi italiani, p. 74; it comes from the Greek Ariadne. Marie is the client’s legal middle name; Maria is found in “Feminine Given Names from the Online Catasto of Florence of 1427,” Arval Benicoeur

( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/catasto/ ). Dellaluna is a common family name found in “Florentine Renaissance Resources: Online Tratte of Office Holders 1282-1532,” edited by David Herlihy et al. ( http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/tratte/doc/SURNAM1.html ). I don’t know if “splitting” the name is possible or likely.

The client will not accept major changes to the name. She wishes a female name, and wishes the spelling of Arianna to be maintained and the meaning and sound of della Luna to be maintained.

Cian O’Cuilin (Twin Moons): NEW NAME and DEVICE

Quarterly argent and gules, in bend two goutes and in bend sinister two skulls, all counterchanged.

The name is Irish Gaelic. Cian is a masculine given name found in in Ó Corráin and Maguire, p. 51. It is found throughout period, according to “Index of Names in Irish Annals: Cian,” Mari Elspeth nic Bryan ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Cian.shtml ). Ó Cuilinn (note the accent) is found in McLysaght, p. 68, s.n. (O) Cullen. If this is the same as Cuilén, which is found as a masculine given name in Mari’s article, it, too, is found multiple times through Old Irish Gaelic and Middle Irish Gaelic

( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Cuilen.shtml ). The client desires a masculine Irish name, and he is most interested in the language/culture of the name.

I note on the submission forms, while documentation is provided for Cian, the “Society Name” line lists Cain. Which is the client’s choice?

Unfortunately, charging all four quarters with two types of charges gives the impression of marshalled arms (to avoid this, one would have four skulls or four goutes, or just use the two goutes or the two skulls). Depending on the treatment of semy fields (there was considerable discussion of this with Roland le Rouge’s device submission earlier this year), this might work if the field were changed to Quarterly argent goutty de sang and gules... (A rotation to Per saltire... would alleviate this problem.) Please discuss.

Faelan O’Phelan (Twin Moons): NEW NAME and DEVICE

Per bend sinister argent and sable, a mullet and a Maltese cross counterchanged.

The name is Irish Gaelic. Fáelán (note the accents) is a masculine given name found in Ó Corráin and Maguire, p. 92; there are several Irish saints who bear this name. “Index of Names in Irish Annals: Fáelán / Faolán,” Mari Elspeth nic Bryan ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Faelan.shtml ) dates it multiple times from 623 to 1161 with this spelling (as Old Irish Gaelic and as Middle Irish Gaelic). O’Phelan’s documentation is given as MacLysaght; this source rarely dates its sources, and I think (I’m sure Aryanhwy and Katherine will jog my memory) that it tends to lean toward Early Modern Irish Gaelic. I think a more accurate form would be Fáelán Ó Fáeláin, which Mari shows in the above citation as the genitive form of the name (both Old Irish Gaelic and Middle Irish Gaelic); the formation of clan affiliation is found in “Quick and Easy Gaelic Names,” 3rd Edition, Sharon L. Krossa

( http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#simplepatronymicbyname ). The spelling of the given name changes slightly with Early Modern Irish, Faolán Ó Faoláin.

The client desires a masculine name that is Irish, has he is more interested in the sound of the name.

Gawin Nortmann (Twin Moons): BADGE RESUBMISSION from Kingdom, November 2007

Gyronny arrondi gules and argent, a pellet.

The name was registered January 2005.

The previous badge submission Gyronny arrondi azure and Or, a pellet , was returned for a conflict with Tamsin of the Raven Tresses: Gyronny of sixteen, azure and Or, a bezant. 1 CD for tincture of charge; no CD present for field division, field tincture, or charge type. It also conflicted with Muiredach O'Siadhail: Gyronny arrondy Or and gules, a gunstone., with one CD for the field. The latter is still a conflict, with 1 CD for the field.

Jaden Armon (Granite Mountain): NEW DEVICE

Per bend sinister gules and sable, a bee statant proper and a glaive bendwise sinister argent.

This submission will be held, as a name submission did not accompany it, but commentary on the device is welcomed.

The bee has argent wings. The head is Or, the thorax is sable, and the abdomen is banded Or and sable. It is roughly half-dark and half-light.

Marceau de Valcourt (Twin Moons): NEW HOUSEHOLD NAME, “Chateau Marceau,” and NEW HOUSEHOLD BADGE

Or a rapier bendwise sinister within a bordure purpure.

The name was registered July 2001.

Chateau is French for “house.” The client prefers this construction to the grammatically correct Chateau de Marceau.

The client will not accept major changes to the name. He is most interested in the meaning of the name and wishes it authentic for language/culture (not mentioned, but I would guess French).

The design borrows elements from the client’s registered device, Or, a rapier bendwise sinister purpure a bordure purpure semy-de-lys bases to center Or.

Marceau de Valcourt: NEW HOUSEHOLD NAME, “Grand Alliance of the Last Mirthful People” and NEW BADGE

Sable, two Middle Eastern dancers combatant argent supporting a bowl of flames, all within a bordure of Middle Eastern drums Or.

The name was registered in July 2001.

The documentation states that the pieces of the name have all been submitted and passed: Drachenmeer Alliance (to Stephen de Huyn in 1984); the Grand Dukes of Tuscany in 1994 (although this is not a registration of a name, but rather a protected piece of important non-SCA armory); and Merigold the Mirthful in 1996.

The client will not accept major or minor changes to the name and is most interested in it being authentic for language/culture (not stipulated).

The bowl of flames, aside from missing some squatty little legs, might be blazoned as a brazier, the Middle Eastern drums as dumbegs.

Seamus O’Callan (Granite Mountain): NEW DEVICE

Per pale vert and Or, a vol and in chief a tricune, all counterchanged.

This submission will be held, as a name submission did not accompany it, but commentary on the device is welcomed.

Seán Glenny (Twin Moons): NEW NAME and DEVICE

Argent, three martlets gules, on a chief sable a claymore bendwise sinister inverted proper.

The name is Irish Gaelic. Seán is a masculine Early Modern Irish Gaelic name, very popular in period. Mari dates it numerous times 1316-1602 ( http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Sean.shtml ). Glenny is the legal surname of the client. It is also found in MacLysaght as a rare locative byname, p. 127, s.n. Glanny, Glenny. The client desires a masculine name, is most interested in the sound and the language/ culture of the name and wishes it authentic 13^th C. Irish.

The following submissions appear in the November 2007 Atenveldt Letter of Intent:

This month’s commentary is provided by Aryanhwy merch Catmael [AmC], Gaius se Romwalh [GsR], Grainne the Red [GtR], Helena de Argentoune [HdA], Katherine Throckmorton [KT], Maridonna Benevenuti [MB] and Marta as tu Mika-Mysliwy [MMM].

Adaleide de Warewic (Wealhhnutu): NEW DEVICE: Per chevron azure and gules, a chevron Or between three dogwood blossoms one and two and a tower argent.

That is a really, really skinny chevron. Since the tinctures of the two parts of the field wouldn't create a color on color issue, I'd strongly suggest returning this for a redesign that removes the chevron, or fattening up the chevron. The only problem with the latter is that it would leave almost no room for the other charges. Happily, it turns out that there are European varieties of dogwood (and who says heraldry isn't educational!) with blossoms similar to the ones depicted, so there is no weirdness for using a New World plant. [KT]

In regards to the online commentary of Katherine concerning the diminutive size of the chevron, I believe the chevron is acceptably drawn and this should not be a reason for return. As has been repeatedly pointed out to me on OSCAR, [paraphrase follows] “Heraldry is not mathematical. It is obvious from the placement that the chevron is the primary charge therefore the size of the ordinary is not an issue.” The species of dogwood blossoms depicted should not be an issue. The “common dogwood” (described here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornus_sanguinea and here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogwood ) has flowers which look like those depicted (“The hermaphrodite flowers are small (5-10 mm diameter), with four creamy white petals”) and “is a species of dogwood native to most of Europe and western Asia, occurring north to southern England and southern Scandinavia, and east to the Caspian Sea.” [HdA]

The submitter should be advised to draw the chevron higher and wider. I don't think it's returnable as submitted, though. This conflicts with Conrad Wappenschmied: Per chevron azure and gules, a chevron Or between three armorer's anvils reversed and a castle argent., with a CD for the type of secondaries. [AmC, GsR] Having consulted with the client, she is happy to drop the chevron. This clears the conflict (and gives more space to the charges, too!) This will appear in the Letter of Intent as Per chevron azure and gules, three dogwood blossoms one and two and a tower argent. [MMM]

Brian le baylly (Atenveldt): NAME RESUBMISSION from Kingdom, August 2007

The original name submission, Bubba Baillie Love, was returned for temporal and lingual disparity. Brian is the client’s legal given name; it is also dated with this spelling in Hundred Rolls 1273 (Withycombe, 3^rd edition, p. 53, s.n. Brian). le baylly is dated to 1230 in Reaney and Wilson, s.n. Bailey.

Cristina Rose da Napoli (Atenveldt) DEVICE RESUBMISSION from Laurel, July 2007: Azure, a brown-seed sunflower proper, on a chief argent three goblets gules.

The name was registered July 2007.

The original submission, Azure, a sunflower proper, on a chief argent three goblets gules., was returned as the emblazon in OSCAR did not match the form sent to Laurel: the goblets were drawn differently. It was also noted that the tincture of a sunflower’s seeds can be either sable or brown, and this should be included in the blazon. These issues have been resolved.

Edward Harrison (Sundragon): NEW NAME and DEVICE: Quarterly aznre and sable, an eagle argent.

Julian Goodwyne's "Names from historical-16th century Brass Inscriptions" has Harris, so I'd say that "Harrison" is likely to be a reasonable variant. In any case, it is the submitter’s legal given name so the point is moot, assuming that proof of this has been submitted. Of slightly more concern is the possibility that the name might be considered presumptuous, as there were a couple of English kings named Edward who were the sons of men named Henry. I don't think that this ought to be a issue, since to the best of my knowledge none of these men were actually called "Edward Harrison", rather it is a name that could have theoretically been applied to them. Other than this there aren't any Edward Harrison who are important enough to protect. [KT]

How about the Real Thing? Url: http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/RYT1581.html from Marriages from Ryton Registers 1581 to 1699 lists an Edward Harrison who married Elizabeth Haswell on June 8^th 1591. There is another marriage in the gray area from Redmarshall, Edward Harrison who married Susan Elstob 24 August 1617. http://genuki.cs.ncl.ac.uk/Transcriptions/DUR/RED.html

http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juetta/parish/surnames.html This website is linked through MNA but I went straight to the Northumberland and Durham Indexes. I didn’t find any conflicts at Britannica Online or Webster’s Biographical Dictionary, 1983 ed. (1995 printing). [MB]

The byname can be found 10 times in my "Index of Names in the 1582 Subsidy Roll of London" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/london1582.html), which also has <Edward> 145 times. This is an excellent 16th C English name, and I found no conflicts. [AmC]

Consider Nemanjici, Kings of Serbia: Gules, a double-headed eagle crowned argent. 1 CD present for the field, none for the type, tincture, orientation, or posture of the bird. Conflict [HdA]; Francesca of Bright Angel: Azure, a dove displayed, head elevated argent. 1 CD for the field, none for the tincture, posture, orientation, or type of bird. Conflict. [AmC, HdA] Dovanna of Atenveldt: Azure, a dove wings displayed and inverted argent, perched upon an olive branch fesswise proper. 1 CD for the field, none for the tincture, posture, orientation, or type of bird. If the olive branch is sustained, no CD for the maintained charge either. If the olive branch is “sustained,” then a second CD is present in this case, so a possible conflict exists. [HdA]

To clear these conflicts, I suggest making the eagle an “overall” charge by placing a fess, bend, or pale in OR underneath the eagle, changing the posture of the bird, or changing the number of eagles, or possibly adding a semi to the field. Keep these devices in mind when making changes: Roana de Hauekrig: Per chevron azure and vert, in base a bird migrant argent.; Mordan Peresechenev: Per chevron inverted azure and argent mullety of four points sable, an eagle argent.; Dubhchobhlaigh ní Dhomhnaill: Per pale sable and gules, a double-headed eagle and a chief invected argent.; Demetrios Doukas: Per pale sable and vert, a double-headed eagle and a chief argent. [HdA] Having consulted with the client, a base indented is being added to the original design. [MMM]

Elias Loredan (Atenveldt): BADGE RESUBMISSION from “Laurel,” September 2007

Sable, a horse rampant argent charged with a compass rose sable, a bordure embattled argent.

The name was registered January 2005.

This replaces a badge submission that appears on the September 2007 LoI and was withdrawn at the client’s (and my) request because of construction problems.

Gallant O’Driscole (Tir Ysgithr): NEW BADGE: (Fieldless) A thunderbolt sable.

The name was registered August 2003.

Robert MacAlister of Leslie: BADGE RESUBMISSION from Laurel, July 2007: Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart and a bordure gules.

The name was registered July 2007.

The original submission, (Fieldless) A fountain proper charged with a heart gules., was returned for conflict “with the device of Malinda Angelanne Elkhaven, Per fess embattled azure and argent, a heart gules. Robert's badge appears to be a display of Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart gules, thus there is a single CD for changes to the field. This would have been returned even without the conflict as it appears to be an independent form of armorial display...”. The client has made this into a fielded badge and added a bordure to resolve the conflict and to avoid others.

Rowena of Cornwall (Ered Sul): NEW NAME and DEVICE: Or, a Rod of Aesculapius proper, headed by a Celtic triquetrum sable voided Or, entwined by a winged snake vert.

Rowena is SCA compatible, “Beginning with the 5/96 meeting, therefore, use of two individually permissible non-period elements in a single name will be considered two `weirdnesses' and will be grounds for return. Such elements include non-period names allowed under the Legal Name Allowance as well as those names, apparently not used by human beings in period, that have been declared `SCA-compatible', e.g., Briana, Ceridwen (in several variants), Gwendolen/Guendolen, R(h)onwen, and Rowena. (Talan Gwynek, Cover Letter to the January 1996 LoAR, pp. 3-4)” There is a Cornwell in Oxfordshire, England. “ ‘The spring where cranes are seen.’ Cornewelle 1086 – 1428 with variant –well(a), Cornwell(e) from 1148X61. OE corn, genitive pl. corna, + wella. Cranes were once widespread in England…” Cambridge Dictionary of English place-names: based on collections of the English Place-Name Society. Victor Watts, ed., CUP, 2004, ISBN 0521362091, s.n. Cornwell, pg.158. [MB]

<Rowena> was declared SCA compatible 01/1996. Does she want her byname to be <of Cornwall> or <of Cornwell>? <Cornwell> is a city in Oxfordshire; R&W s.n. Cornwell have <de Cornwelle> 1161. If she wants to be from county Cornwall, then for that, R&W s.n. Cornwall have <de Cornewale>, <de Cornewayle> 1305. Watts s.n. Cornwall has the form <Cornwal> dated to c. 1198. My "14th Century Worcestershire Names" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/surworc14.html) has <de Cornwall>, so either <of Cornwell> or <of Cornwall> is fine. I found no conflicts. [AmC]

Rowena is registerable as a literary name, and has been registered as recently as 2006. Since it could be considered either Welsh or English, combining it with a English locative shouldn't be a problem. Can we get a double check to see if the submitter wants "Cornwell" or "Cornwall"? Either would be fine, but I'd hate to see a typo cause problems later.

Reaney and Wilson have a citation for "de Cornwell" dated to 1160, I don't think that using "of" should be a problem, and dropping the terminal "e" should be a reasonable variant, especially since Reaney and Wilson have variants (sn. Cornell) that omit the final "e". [KT]

The byname ought to be Cornwall. [MMM]

(1) If so much verbage has to be devoted to describing the fact that the staff has so many details, why even bother calling it a “Rod of Aesculapius?” If it is headed by something, then it isn’t really a “Rod of Aesculapius” anymore it seems to me. Why not just say “Or, a rod proper headed by a Celtic triquetrum sable voided Or, entwined by a winged snake vert?” (2) I am uncertain that the “Celtic triquetrum” charge is registerable. It seems non-specific to me. The phrase “Celtic triquetrum” has been registered twice in the past, once in 1981 and again in 1990, but that was before the rules for registration were revamped. I am uncertain how else to adequately describe this symbol in order to reproduce the emblazon from the blazon. If an adequate blazon cannot be found, that is grounds for return.

Further research turned up the following return: “Clare Isibéal Séadhachán. Device. Vert on a chevron Or five bunches of grapes palewise purpure slipped vert and in base a Celtic triquetrum brooch Or. A single 10-year old instance of the prior registration of a "Celtic triquetrum brooch" is not sufficient precedent to demonstrate either its compatibility or reproducibility. There is serious question about the recoverability of the emblazon from the blazon.” [LOAR 6/91, device returned for the reason given above]

Assuming the Celtic triquetrum is removed or sufficiently changed as to allow registration barring conflict, I found no obvious conflicts. [HdA]

Joel's helpful comment about the arms was "why is there a wyvern wrapped around a lollipop?" (I did tell him it was a pithon, not a wyvern...)

Since there are two aspects of this staff which are not present in a standard staff of Aesculapius, I would reblazon this as "a ragged staff proper entwined by a pithon vert." I'm not sure how to blazon the bits at the top. A "Celtic triquetrum" is not a heraldic charge, and this is too thin-line to be "a triquetra within and conjoined to an annulet". (And in any case, no part of it is voided.) I would return this for unblazonability. If the fiddly bits at the top were omitted, I found no conflicts. [AmC] The client is replacing the Celtic triquetrum with a triquetra ; she also notes that the charge ought to be azure, not sable.

Thomas Cyriak Bonaventure (Granholme) NAME RESUBMISSION from Local, May 2006

If this is a resubmission, what were his previous submissions, when were they returned, and why? [AmC] This original submission was “sent up” by the local herald; neither I nor the Aten Principal Herald ever received it. It is indeed a resubmission (sent directly to me this time by the client), although I’ve never seen it before. [MMM]

As it stands, the name is registerable. Reaney and Wilson have a citation dated to 1642 for a man whose given name is "Bonaventure" so the spelling variant would seem to be reasonable for the late 16th century. If we consider this as a late 16th century English name, then Thomas is not a problem, to put it mildly. And it is in the 16th century that people in England first start using middle names, so the use of a middle name isn't a issue. Although devotion to the 14 Holy Helpers was more of a German thing during the SCA period, there was at least one church in England dedicated to St. Cyriac. There aren't any real Thomas Bonaventures who are important enough to protect.

That said, from a authenticity standpoint it would be much better to drop the middle name. By the time that people in England were using middle names, using the names of saints (especially obscure saints like St. Cyriac) was falling out of fashion. "Thomas Bonaventure" would be a great late period English name, and it seems a pity to add the questionable element. If the submitter is firm about the middle name, I'd suggest changing the spelling of the middle name to "Cyriac" which seems to be the usual English spelling. [KT]

The surname can be pushed back quite some ways, out of the gray area; Bardsley s.n. Bonaventure notes <Thomas Bonaventure>, a merchant of

Ireland and Wales, 17 Ric. II. Withycombe s.n. Cyriack notes that "St. Cyriack or Cyr of Iconium, the infant martyr son of St. Julitta, has 9

churches dedicated to him in the West of England." This shows that the saint's name was known to England in our period, so this is registerable via the saint's name allowance. Withycombe also notes that a close friend of John Milton's was named <Cyriack Skinner>, so it shows that the name was in use in the 17th C. [AmC]

Timothy Blackwell (Atenveldt): DEVICE RESUBMISSION from Kingdom, April 2007: Azure, a phoenix Or and a bordure sable.

As drawn, the bordure is color-on-color and violates the rule of tincture. If the client would like to use this tincture combination, he would need to provide enough documentation to support an exception (based on documented regional style or something similar). This documentation has not been provided here and so this device must be returned. Without such supporting documentation, the bordure should most likely be tinctured Or or Argent or a light-colored fur like ermine.

CONFLICT-CHECKING (as “Azure, a phoenix Or within a bordure [something]”), and things that the client should be aware of:

Ardal of Antioch: Azure, a phoenix argent a bordure embattled Or.

Lazarus Artifex: Per pale Or and azure, a phoenix and a bordure counterchanged.

Osric the Confused: Purpure, a phoenix within a bordure argent.

Richard Tallon: Quarterly sable and gules, a phoenix argent rising from flames a bordure Or. [HdA]

The sable bordure on the azure field violates the rule of tincture. Also, the phoenix needs to be connected to the flames. On a quick conflict check, making the bordure argent appears to be clear of conflict. [AmC] Having consulted with the client, he is returning to his original divided field and

adding a bordure erminois; hence, Per saltire sable and azure a phoenix Or and a bordure erminois. [MMM]

Uther the Dark (Atenveldt Highlands): BADGE RESUBMISSION from Laurel, July 2007 (Fieldless) A bear rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

The name was registered December 2005.

The original submission, (Fieldless) A bear rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent., was returned as the emblazon on OSCAR did not match the form sent to Laurel. That problem has been solved.

The following submissions are returned for further work by the Atenveldt College of Heralds, November 2007:

Gawin Nortmann (Twin Moons): BADGE RESUBMISSION from Kingdom, November 2006: Gyronny arrondi azure and Or, a pellet.

Consider Tamsin of the Raven Tresses: Gyronny of sixteen, azure and Or, a bezant. 1 CD for tincture of charge; no CD present for field division, field tincture, or charge type. Conflict. [HdA]

This conflicts with Muiredach O'Siadhail: Gyronny arrondy Or and gules, a gunstone., with one CD for the field. [AmC]

Suggest changing the type or number of the charge to clear the conflict. (How about three pellets, for example?) [HdA] I was thinking a pellet in each Or pane. [MMM]

Thomas Cyriak Bonaventure: DEVICE RESUBMISSION from Local, May 2006: Gules, in pale a compass star surmounting an annulet Or and two swords in saltire sable, enflamed Or.

This is not a proper depiction of enflaming: "Morgan of Caer Graeme. Badge. Azure, a fess embattled Or and overall a sword proper enflamed gules. "This badge must be returned for redrawing because of problems with the enflaming of the sword...precedent holds that properly drawn enflaming,

small gouttes of flame issuing from the charge, is a blazonable artistic detail...Objects that are enflamed should have small gouts of flames emerging from, but still touching, the object at random intervals" [Stephen Other, 10/04, R-Artemesia]." [LoAR 01/2005] [AmC]

1. Suggest using the phrase “compass rose” instead of the “compass star surmounting an annulet.”

2. Also, the word “enflamed” is not correct here. A “<charge> enflamed” has little gouts of flame issuing from it while a “<charge> on a flame” is completely surrounded by flames as these swords are. ( http://www.sca.org/heraldry/coagloss.html )

3. Finally, these are not standard “swords.” They appear to be fantasy blades of some type that has more in common with a scimitar than a default straight-bladed “sword.”

Suggest this blazon instead: “Gules, in pale a compass star Or and on flames Or two scimitars in saltire Sable.”

Consider Magnús Slembidjákn: Gules, a phoenix argent rising from flames proper and in chief a compass rose Or. This is problematic and probably requires a visual check from Laurel. There is no CD for the field or for the tincture of the compass rose. The position of the compass rose on the field is the same on both devices and although a difference in size exists, it is hard to see giving a CD for “size” of the charges. The sword/flames combination is half flame as is the phoenix. Some artistic renditions of a phoenix surround the phoenix in flames instead of having it rising from them. Technically, the phoenix is primary and the compass rose is a secondary in the registered arms. Technically, the compass rose and the sword/flames combo are co-primaries in the submitted device. I believe these devices are technically clear of one another as a result with a CD for change of primary charge (phoenix vs. compass rose + sword/flames. However, the relative sameness of the charges and their position (compass rose in chief and flames in base) makes these two devices extremely similar visually and suggests that this be sent onward with a note that this device may be a concern.

If we consider the registered device as two co-primaries (bird+flames) and a charge in chief (compass rose), then this becomes easier to evaluate.

Okay, bird vs. compass rose = change of type. Flames vs. flames = no change of type. à CD present for change of 50% of charges = 1 CD. There would also now be a CD present for removing the secondary charge in chief (the compass rose) à 1 CD. We now have 2 CDs, the device is clear, and we don’t need to worry about the tertiary swords. Definitely technically clear, but probably requires a visual check at Laurel to be sure. [HdA]

I’m in contact with the client. He’s happy making the charge in chief a compass rose (yay!), and I’m working with the other charges. I think we’ll get something close to what he desires, it might just not involve the non-period depiction of flames. [MMM]

The following Atenveldt submissions were registered by the S.C.A. College of Arms, July 2007:

Adrianna von Pfalz. Name.

Some of the documentation for both the given name and the byname was presented as [author] + [page number]. This is not sufficient; names of cited works must be included with documentation, either in the summarization or in a separate bibliography, as well as a summary of relevant information from that work. Failure to include such information may be reason for returning a name. Had the commenters not supplied the missing information, we would have been forced to return this name.

Aedán Mór Mac Donough. Alternate name Erik Eriksson and badge. Gules, in pall inverted four triquetras, the center one inverted, Or.

Anya of Windale. Name and device. Per pale sable and purpure, two butterflies argent.

Arterus O Keynan. Name and device. Or, a chevron pean and in base a double-horned anvil vert.

Submitted as Arterus Keenan, no documentation was submitted and none found to show that the byname Keenan was found in period. Keenan was documented only as a modern Irish form of Ó Cianáin from MacLysaght, Irish Surnames. For more information on MacLysaght was a sole source for Irish name documentation, see this month's cover letter. Woulfe, Irish Names and Surnames, s.n. Ó Cianáin, gives O Keynan as a late period Anglicized form. We have changed the name to Arterus O Keynan in order to register it. This name combines a Latin form of an English name with an Anglicized Gaelic byname; this is one step from period practice.

Caitilín inghean Diarmada. Name and device. Argent, an escallop inverted gules and on a chief sable three roundels argent.

Nice 16th C Irish Gaelic name!

Caitilín inghean Diarmada. Badge. (Fieldless) An escallop inverted gules.

Cassandra la Schrevein. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 13th C English name!

Cerdic Charles. Name and device.

Per bend gules and argent, a lion dormant Or and a harp sable.

This name combines Old English and Middle English names and naming patterns. The linguistic combination is one step from period practice.

Christiane Dax. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Christiane Gascogne Dax, no documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the pattern [given] + [region] + [town name] is found in French. In addition, the element Gascogne was only documented by a page number and book title; this is not sufficient documentation to demonstrate that it is a valid name element. We have changed the name to Christiane Dax in order to register it.

There was some question whether the element Christiane was registerable; it, too, was documented on the LoI with only a book title and page number. The commenters noted Cristiane as an English name dated to 1379 in Talan Gwynek, "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/reaney) and Christiana from the same source. Given this, Christiane should be a possible English variant; however, we have no evidence of this spelling in French.

Cristina Rose da Napoli. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Deborah of Sundragon. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Desiderata of the Osprey. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Desiderata of Osprey, the byname was documented as an SCA branch name. This branch name is registered as Osprey, Barony of the. We require bynames based on SCA branch names to use the full name of the group, including articles. We have changed the name to Desiderata of the Osprey in order to register it.

Dimarus of Atenveldt. Holding name and device (see RETURNS for name). Per pale argent and sable, in saltire a sword and an axe counterchanged.

Submitted under the name Dimarus Adalwin.

Domnall mac Faíltigeirn. Device. Per bend azure and sable, a wolf's head couped contourny within an orle of decrescents Or.

Étaín ingen Áedáin. Name.

This name does not conflict with Étaín ingen Thadgáin, registered July 1999. The removal of the t or th sound at the beginning of the stressed syllable of the patronym combined with the removal of the g at the beginning of the unstressed syllable makes these names significantly different in sound and appearance. Effrick neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald provides details on the pronunciation differences:

-- the registered name has a "th" sound and a "g" sound not present in the submitted name, and we shouldn't even need to consider the vowel sound differences. (In the Early and Middle Gaelic periods --that is, pre-1200-- Gaelic <th> is pronounced like the <th> in English <thing>.)

For completeness (and because I did all this work before realizing it shouldn't be necessary), let's consider the vowel sounds, too. For the moment, I'll just mark the vowel sound of the first syllable of <Thadgáin> as "1" and the vowel sound of the first syllable of <Áedáin> as "2", with the vowel sound of the second syllable of both as "[schwa]". So, on a first pass, the differences in sound can be represented as:

Thadgáin: "th1thg[schwa]n"

Áedáin: " 2th [schwa]n"

So, there are three sound differences:

1. "th" vs. nothing

2. "g" vs. nothing

3. vowel "1" vs. vowel "2"

Vowel "1" <a< is your basic European short, monophthong <a> sound -- so roughly an "ah" sound like the <a> in English <father> or <law>. It's phonetic description is "open back unrounded" (aka "low back unrounded") and in IPA it is represented by /[something resembling lowercase 'a']/.

Vowel "2" <áe> is not. First, it is long, not short -- that is, it is said for a longer duration/time. (So, said for longer than the time of <ee> in <beet> rather than the much shorter time of <i> in <bit>.) Second, depending on time period, it is either a diphthong (that is, two vowel sounds said in rapid succession) rather than a monophthong like vowel "1" or else the quality of the vowel sound is different from that of vowel "1" (that is, it is said in a different part of the mouth) -- or both.

Fearghus Reamhar mac Maoil Domhnaich mhic Thoirdhealbhaigh. Name and device. Per bend gules and azure, on a bend argent three lions' heads palewise erased azure.

Originally submitted as Fearghus Reamhar mac Mhaoil Domhnaich mhic Thoirdhealbhaigh, the name was changed at kingdom to Fearghus Reamhar mac Maoil Domhnaich mhic Thoirdhealbhaigh, presumably to correct the grammar of the first patronymic. However, no mention that a change was made or of the reason for that change was included on the LoI; a description of any changes made and the reason for such changes are required when changes are made to a name in kingdom. Had the change not been correct or necessary for registration, we would have been forced to either return or pend this name.

Fiordelisia Aviati da Molise. Name and device. Per bend sinister gules and argent, a sprig of three oak leaves vert fructed proper and in dexter chief a mullet of eight points argent.

Submitted as Fiordelisia Aviati di Molise, the locative byname was documented only from the Wikipedia. While the Wikipedia may be a good place to start looking for documentation for a name element, this work is not sufficient sole documentation for a name element. Albion noted the following 11th C forms: Drell, J.K., Kinship and Conquest. Family Strategies in the Principality of Salerno during the Norman Period, 1077-1194, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002) has lists of names in Latin contexts, including <Guimondus de Molise> 1089 and <Rodulfus de Molise> 1088-1092, and the more expected inflected Latin form in <Hugo de Molisio> (p. 40), c. 1150-60. For Italian, the expected preposition with a locative byname would be da. We have changed the name to Fiordelisia Aviati da Molise to correct the grammar.

Please advise the submitter to draw the oak sprig larger.

Gaius Romanus. Name and device. Per chevron azure and argent, in base a pellet.

Submitted as Gaius se R{o-}mwalh, the submitter requested an authentic name for post Roman Britian. While the name Gaius is found in Roman Britain (Martin Henig, Religion in Roman Britian p 174 lists a 2nd C inscription with the name Gaius Indutius Felix), there is no evidence that the name Gaius survived into the Saxon era. For an authentic name in post Roman Britian meaning "Gaius the Roman", we would expect a fully Latin form (the individual bearing the name would be a foreigner). We have changed the name to the fully Latin Gaius Romanus to meet the submitter's request for authenticity.

Godfrey of Argyle. Name (see RETURNS for device).

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarized; only the author, title, and page number were included. It is not sufficient to say where you found a name, you must also state what the work says about the name. Failure to do so may be reason for return. In this case, the commenters provided the missing information. There was some question whether the name Argyle or Argyll was unique to the Lords of Argyle. Precedent holds that it is not: There was some question whether Argyll was a unique surname of the Campbells based on the statement from Black, "Sir Duncan Campbell...created Lord Campbell in 1445, was the first of the family who took the designation of Argyll..." However, the full quote makes it clear that Argyll is adopted as a locative, "Sir Duncan Cambell or Cambelle of Lochow,...was the first of the family who took the designation of Argyll in addition to, and sometimes in place of Lochow." There is a well attested pattern of inherited surnames in Scotland that are formed from placenames; although Argyll is not documented as a surname, it is documented as a placename. [Angus Argyll of Clyde, November 2004]

Grace O'Leary. Name.

Submitted as Grace O'Leary, there was some question whether the spelling O'Leary was a spelling found in period. Thomas Stafford, Pacata Hibernia Ireland appeased and reduced, published in 1633 has the chiefly title O'Lerie and a reference to the O'Leries on p 96. John Windele, Historical and descriptive notices of the city of Cork and its vicinity, p 73, notes: "In the Roche MSS. is a grant, dated 13th Aug. 1588,...to Wm. Kyent of Corck, Sheareman, and Honory ny Learie, his wife." Given these examples, O'Leary seems a reasonable extrapolation. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Anglicized Irish name, we suggest Grace ny Learie. The corresponding Gaelic form of this name is Gráinne inghean Uí Laoghaire. Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index to Names in Irish Annals", (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex), notes the name Gráinne in several dates between 1317 and 1582.

Grainne the Red. Badge. (Fieldless) An enfield rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

Gudrun Elizabeth Johansdottir. Badge. Argent, a hurst of fir trees proper between three gunstones, a chief gules.

Ida Grim. Name.

Isabeau Vize. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Iuliana inghean Phadraig. Name.

Jacques le Paige. Name.

Nice 15th C French name!

Kolbj{o,}rn bjarki. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Lilie Rose Sinclair. Name and device. Quarterly azure semy-de-lys argent, and sable, a wolf rampant contourny argent.

Submitted as Lily Rose Sinclair, the spellings Lily and Lili are not registerable: Submitted as Lili of Eastham, no documentation was provided for the spelling of the given name. We have therefore changed it to a form dated to 1247 in Reaney and Wilson's A Dictionary of English Surnames. [Lilie of Eastham, 11/00, A-East].

No further evidence was provided with this submission for Lily or Lili. We have changed the name to Lilie Rose Sinclair in order to register it.

Malinda Angelanne Hohen van Kester. Name change from Malinda Angelanne Elkhave

Listed on the LoI as Malinda Angelanne Hohen von Kester, the forms showed Malinda Angelanne Hohen van Kester. Since the placename is Belgian, van is the expected preposition. We have changed the name back to the originally submitted form. The names Malinda and Angelanne are grandfathered to the submitter; they are parts of her currently registered name. Her old name, Malinda Angelanne Elkhaven, is released.

Margareta Marrian. Name.

Markús inn fasthaldi Vagnsson. Name and device. Argent, a stag rampant and on a chief azure four increscents argent.

Submitted as Markús inn fasthaldi Vagnson, the correct genitive form of Vagn is Vagns. We have changed the name to Markús inn fasthaldi Vagnsson to correct the grammar.

Nicholas Greyland. Name and device. Argent, a demi-sun within a bordure sable.

Nicholas Simon deKane. Device. Per bend sinister Or and sable, a greyhound's head and a greyhound's head inverted and reversed, both issuant from the line of division and counterchanged.

Owen le Maillier. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Nice 13th C English name!

Robert MacAlister of Leslie. Name and device (see RETURNS for badge). Per fess wavy argent and barry wavy azure and argent, a sword between in chief two hearts gules.

Tadhg mac Briain Uí Ghradaigh. Name and device. Per fess argent and sable, a lion rampant counterchanged.

Submitted as Tadhg mac Briain O'Gradaigh, the name has two problems. First, it combines the Anglicized patronymic particle O' with an otherwise Gaelic name. The submitter allows the level of changes necessary to fix this, which also allows us to fix the other problem. Because the first patronymic is present (mac Briain), Gaelic grammar requires that the second patronymic (Ó Gradaigh) be in the genitive case. The expected form for this is Uí Ghradaigh. We have changed the name to Tadhg mac Briain Uí Ghradaigh to correct the grammar. We note that the submitted second patronymic O'Gradaigh mixes an Anglicized patronymic particle with an otherwise Gaelic name in violation of RfS III.1.a, Lingistic Consistency. However, the necessary grammar changes have eliminated this issue.

Thomas de l'Espee. Name (see RETURNS for device).

Submitted as Thomas L'Épéiste, the byname was documented as a modern translation of the word "swordsman". No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that the word Épéiste is a period spelling. Rowel notes Robert de l'Espée in 1292 from Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le Rôle de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292. The accents in this work are modern editorial editions, so this would represent de l'Espee. We have changed the name to Thomas de l'Espee in order to register it.

Tomas y Saer. Name and device. Per pale gules and sable, a Lochaber axe and a handsaw both argent hafted Or, within an orle Or.

The LoI noted that the "saw depicted in the armory is identical to one being used in scene of Noah building the Ark, from the Bedford Book of Hours, of Lord Michael Limner. The information is taken from Ian Friel's The Good Ship: Ships, Shipbuilding and Technology in England 1200-1520, (Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1995), p. 60." This same saw is also found in Singer's "A History of Technology", vol.2, plate 30. We have elected to use Singer's term for the type of saw, a handsaw, rather than simply a saw as it was originally blazoned. Nice arms.

The following submissions were returned by the College of Arms for further work, July 2007:

Ainder ingen Demmáin. Device. Per fess embattled sable and azure, a recorder bendwise sinister Or and three crescents argent.

This is device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the emblazon sent to Laurel: the recorder in the OSCAR emblazon was centered in the sable portion of the field. In addition, the recorder shown in OSCAR is argent, that on the forms is Or. We note that this will happen when a yellow highlighter is used for Or as the highlighter often does not scan. When the emblazon and blazon tinctures do not match, we ask commenters to please note which tinctures they used in conflict checking (and we ask submissions heralds to note on the LoI when there is a scanning problem such as this). On resubmission, please advise the submitter to center the recorder on the sable portion of the field. We note that a fesswise recorder would better fill the available space.

Amira de Foria. Name.

This name violates RfS VI.1, "Names Claiming Rank", which states in part: Names containing titles, territorial claims, or allusions to rank are considered presumptuous. [...] Names documented to have been used in period may be used, even if they were derived from titles, provided there is no suggestion of territorial claim or explicit assertion of rank. For example, Regina the Laundress is acceptable but Regina of Germany is not.

The name Amira means "princess", and thus cannot be combined with a true locative byname such as de Foria.

Amirah al-Zahra'. Name.

Conflict with Aminah al-Zarqah, registered August 2003. The given names differ in sound and appearance by a single consonant in an unstressed syllable and by the final sound at the end of the name. The ah sound is \ah\, while the a' sound is a short a with a glottal stop. The bynames are, likewise, nearly identical in sound and appearance.

Aoife inghean Eoin gabha. Device. Vert, a "fleece" and in base two filled drop spindles in fess argent.

This device is returned for redraw. This primary charge is not a fleece - a fleece has no body, it should be limp. We might have blazoned it a ram but that would not account for the belt and loop it is wearing.

Cassandra la Schrevein. Device. Purpure, a papyrus plant and a bordure nebuly argent.

This device is returned for conflict with the device for Ygraine o Gaerllion Fawr, Purpure, a bouquet of three daffodils slipped, the centermost affronty and the outermost addorsed, Or within a bordure nebuly argent. There is a CD for the tincture of the plants but, as emblazoned, not for the type of plant.

If this had not been returned for conflict, it would have been returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: neither the depiction of the nebuly nor the plant match. It appears that the plant may have started out the same and been stretched for the OSCAR emblazon; the changes to the bordure are more significant.Christiane Dax. Device. Argent, a pall gules surmounted by a skull sable.

This device must be returned as the skull is barely overall. Laurel has consistently returned such designs, e.g., "By previous precedent, 'Barely overall charges have been ruled unacceptable for a long time and for fieldless badges overall charges must have very little overlap with the charge it surmounts' (LoAR of September 1999)" (v. Æthelmearc, Kingdom of, 08/03, R-Æthelmearc).

If this had not been returned for the above style problem, it would have been returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the skull in OSCAR was much better drawn than the one sent to Laurel.

Cristina Rose da Napoli. Device. Azure, a sunflower proper, on a chief argent three goblets gules.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the goblets are drawn differently. Note that a sunflower proper has either sable or brown seeds. Please see the Cover Letter for a discussion on sunflowers proper.

Deborah of Sundragon. Device. Per bend sinister vert and azure, a seahorse contourny sustaining a trident bendwise sinister Or.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the size of the trident differs, being somewhat longer in the OSCAR emblazon. If this had not been returned for administrative reasons, it would have been returned as the trident was neither palewise nor bendwise sinister but somewhere in between. While that may be acceptable for a maintained charge, it is unacceptable in a sustained charge as the orientation can contribute to difference with other armory.

Derdere Ffrayser. Name and device. Vert, a unicorn statant and on a chief argent three cinquefoils vert.

No documentation was submitted and none found to suggest that Ffrayser is a reasonable form of ffrayser. The ff is sometimes used to record a capital F in some Scots and English documents. While we have found one possible example of Ff in late 16th C England, we have no such examples in Scotland. Nor have we any examples in the 13th C, when the form ffrayser is found. Given this, Ffrayser is not registerable. However, the submitter will not accept changes. Therefore, we are forced to return this name.

In resubmitting, new information has come to light about the registerability of Derdere. Effric Neyn Ken3ocht Mcherrald notes:

The October 2006 LoAR is somewhat misleading. It is not just that <Deredere> "is not the nominative form of this name", it is that it is not any period form of the name. There is no evidence for this spelling in any case or in any language. (Black misquoted the source he cites.)

Further, <Derdere> appears to be a scribal error, albeit a medieval scribal error. In particular, it appears to be a mistaken use of a Latin oblique case when the nominative case (<Derderc>) [sic] should have been used. This is the (slightly edited) research and analysis I did in March 2006:

The source I used, which included transcriptions of the original Latin texts of the medieval charters, along with English abstracts, of the relevant charters was:

Charles Rogers, ed. Chartulary of the Cistercian Priory of Coldstream with Relative Documents. London: The Grampian Club, 1879.]

Four of these charters name our heroine (Derder, wife of Cospatric, Earl of Dunbar) but, very interestingly, three of them call her <Derder> (one of them twice), while only one calls her <Derdere>. Further, these three charters are the ones issued by her husband (2) and her son (1), while the one that calls her <Derdere> was issued by the Bishop of St. Andrews.

Another interesting discovery is that in all four charters, her name appears to be being used in the nominative case:

Page 6, charter no. 8: ... quod sponsa mea Derder dedit ... (... that my spouse Derder has given ...)

Page 8, charter no. 11: .. quod Derder Comitissa sponsa mea dedit ... (... that Derder Countess my spouse has given...)

... Testibus Derder Comitissa . Waldef filius comitis . Lambekin dapifer . Ernulfo de Suinton . Roberto le Norreis . Adam filio Meldredis . et aliis .

Page 18, charter no. 26: .. quas Derder Comitissa mater mea eiis dedit et Cospatricius comes pater meus carta sua confirmauit ...

Page 46, Appendix of Original Charters and Other Documents, charter no. I:

Ricardus Dei gracia Sancti Andree episcopus ...

... que Cospatricius comes et Derdere comitissa sponsa eius et Waldeuus filius et heres eorum eidem loco concesserunt et dederunt ...

Of these, as best I can tell, only in "Testibus Derder Comitissa" should <Derder> theoretically be in an oblique case, but it seems that despite what the grammar ought to be, for the first two names of witnesses the clerk actually put their names into the nominative case instead (even though he properly put later names in the appropriate case) -- thus <Comitissa> instead of <Comitisse> and <filius comitis> instead of <filio comitis>.

So, this means that we can know without any doubt what a Latin nominative case form is, namely, <Derder>.

What is going on with <Derdere> in appendix charter I. is a little harder to figure out. The expected grammar, and surrounding nouns, appears to be nominative, but to the best of my knowledge ending a female nominative given name in <-e> is very, very weird. At this point I'm inclined to regard it as more likely a scribal error (much like the <Derder> in the nominative case that shouldn't be after Testibus, only this time <Derdere> in an oblique case when it should be nominative <Derder>).

These charters do not have explicit dates, but the general timing can be determined by the fact that Cospatric died in 1166 (so nos. 8 & 11 must be 1166 or before), and Richard became bishop of S. Andrews in 1165 (so appendix no. I must be 1165 or after), and Cospatric's son Waldeve died in 1182 (so no. 26, which confirms nos. 8 & 11, must be between 1166 and 1182) [p. x of the preface in Rogers _Chartulary ..._].

So, a summary of my findings:

<Deredere> is a mistake by Black -- there is no evidence for this spelling in any case in any language at this time.

<Derder> is a Latin nominative case form used 4 times in 3 late 12th century charters.

<Derdere> is a Latin form used 1 time in 1 late 12th century charter, and may be nominative case but I believe is more likely a mistake (that is, really an oblique case spelling).

<Derder> is also a reasonably plausible speculative late 12th century Scots/English spelling of the name.

Given this, we will, in future, decline to register the form Derdere, as it is unlikely that this is truly a representative of this name in the nominative case.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: both the unicorn and the cinquefoils are drawn differently. Please inform the submitter that the standard heraldic term fraises may be used for the cinquefoils if she wishes the cant.

Desiderata of the Osprey. Device. Per fess azure and vert, a fess and in chief three mullets one and two argent.

After consultation with Laurel, we've concluded that this must be returned for presumption, in violation of RfS XI.4. Specifically, the name and the device together give the appearance of an augmentation of arms that had been granted by the Crown of Meridies.

In March 1996, the Kingdom of Meridies registered (Fieldless) Three mullets one and two argent as the standard form of that kingdom's augmentations. Since then, several registrations - the Barony of Bryn Madoc, Francois duVent, the Barony of the Osprey, Rondallyn of Golgotha - have incorporated this pre-registered design into their own augmented armory. None of these were on a charged canton or inescutcheon, but were placed on the field just as the mullets in this submission were placed.

This, by itself, would not be sufficient reason to return any design with three mullets one and two argent. One might easily have, say, Sable, a chevron inverted between three mullets one and two argent, and it wouldn't necessarily be perceived as bearing a Meridian augmentation. But in this case, the armory was combined with a name that included one of the above list - the Barony of the Osprey - which had received the right to an augmentation from the Crown of Meridies and who had used the three mullets as its form. There was thus a combined allusion, by name and design, to Osprey's own augmentation.

Presumption depends on perception. In this case, we felt that the allusion here to Osprey's augmentation sufficiently strong that an unbiased observer would assume a connection - including that the submitter's arms were themselves augmented.

If the submitter wishes to resubmit this design, she should change her name to remove the allusion to the Barony of the Osprey (or other Meridian territory). Otherwise, we are forced to return the combination as presumptuous.

Dimarus Adalwin. Name.

The documentation for the byname was not adequately summarized. While a date for the name is given, the only other information we have is an author and volume number. No page number is provided, the name of the work being cited is omitted, no information about whether the name is a given name or a byname or the language or grammatical case of the name is provided. Siebecke, the author in question, has no works on the no-photocopy list, but no photocopies of the cited documentation were provided. Finally, the commenters provided no information about this name. Given the nearly complete lack of information supporting the byname, we are forced to return this name.

Dylan Bond MacLeod. Device. Or, five scarpes gules between two Hungerford knots sable.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the knots depicted in OSCAR are better drawn than those on the form.

Eoghan mac Ailin. Name.

Conflict with the Eógan Mac Ailpein, registered November 1997. The pronunciation of the given names is identical, and the bynames differ only in the beginning consonant of the unstressed second syllable.

Godfrey of Argyle. Device. Quarterly gules and vert, a quadrant and in chief a pair of shackles conjoined by a chain fesswise Or.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel. The drawings are different enough that potential problems with the depiction of the shackles could not be addressed. We note that the shackles as shown in OSCAR are a much better depiction than those on the forms and recommend that that version of the emblazon be used in resubmission.

Gregory of Sherwood. Device. Per fess azure and vert, a single-arched bridge throughout argent masoned sable between three mullets of four points elongated to base and a covered goblet Or.

This device is returned for lack of documentation of the depicted form of the goblet. We know of no goblets in period heraldry that match this form: they are almost all of the standard cup-shape, usually covered as well. Note that, if it had a handle, this might have been acceptable as a "double cup". There is a double cup shown in figure 362 of the Zurich roll, found at http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ZurichRoll/. The handle on the top part is a visual cue to the nature of the cup, as is the fact that both the bottom and the top part have a "foot" on which the cup could stand. Double cups were not-uncommon in period, thus a documented form of a double cup would be registerable.

Isabeau Vize. Device. Per bend sinister purpure and vert, a bend sinister engrailed Or.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel. The engrailings in the emblazon on OSCAR are a good example of what engrailing should look like; unfortunately, the engrailings on the form do not match those in OSCAR.

Kata the Forthright. Badge. (Fieldless) A giant panda sejant erect gardant proper within and conjoined to an annulet sable.

This badge is returned as a panda is not registerable. As al-Jamal noted: By current precedent, it is not acceptable to use a species of flora or fauna in armory which was not known to Europeans in period: "The primary charge is the leaf of a vanillaleaf plant (genus Achlys). Europeans did not discover it until the 18th century so [it] cannot be used in SCA armory" (LoAR February 2000). The most recent precedent explicitly concerning pandas notes in pertinent part that the panda was not known to Europeans in period: "Lanner provided some distinct evidence that the panda was not seen by an European until this century and that its furs were not known to Europeans until the last century" (LoAR December 1989). The panda is therefore not acceptable for registration. (LoAR February 2002, cf. Zubaydah az-Zahra)

Kolbj{o,}rn bjarki. Device. Argent, a bear passant gules between three drinking horns azure.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: all of the charges appear to have been redrawn.

Owen le Maillier. Device. Per fess gules and Or, six gouts three and three, those in base inverted, counterchanged.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the style of the gouttes differs.

Robert MacAlister of Leslie. Badge. (Fieldless) A fountain charged with a heart gules.

This badge is returned for conflict with the device of Malinda Angelanne Elkhaven, Per fess embattled azure and argent, a heart gules. Robert's badge appears to be a display of Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart gules, thus there is a single CD for changes to the field. This would have been returned even without the conflict as it appears to be an independent form of armorial display. With permission to conflict, Barry wavy argent and azure, a heart gules could be registered and displayed on a roundel. We note that the tinctures of the emblazon in OSCAR do not match the form sent to Laurel: the tinctures of the field are reversed. While not a reason for return at this time, we remind submissions heralds that it is the interest of their clients to make sure that the colored emblazon in OSCAR matches the emblazon sent to Laurel.

Thomas de l'Espee. Device. Per pale argent and azure, in fess a fleur-de-lys between two rapiers inverted counterchanged.

This device is returned as the emblazon in OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel: the charges all appear to have been redrawn.

Uther the Dark. Badge. (Fieldless) A bear rampant within and conjoined to an annulet argent.

This badge is returned as the emblazon on OSCAR does not match the form sent to Laurel. On OSCAR, the bear is centered within the annulet and its ears also touch the annulet, which they do not in the submitted emblazon.

Marta as tu Mika-Mysliwy

c/o Linda Miku

2527 East 3^rd Street

Tucson AZ 85716

brickbat@nexiliscom.com

atensubmissions.nexiliscom.com